A new and exotic state of matter has been discovered by squeezing subatomic particles into an incredibly dense crystal. By passing a strong beam of light through two chemical compounds, scientists found a new form of matter made up of excitons.
A highly organized crystal composed of subatomic particles that form an exotic new state of matter has been found by physicists. The researchers described their findings in a paper published May 11 in the journal Science. The new form of matter known as the "bosonic correlated insulator" could lead to the discovery of many new types of unusual material made from condensed matter.
Fermions and bosons are two classifications of subatomic particles. The two are fundamentally different from each other in the way they rotate and relate to each other.
Because they form atoms, fermions such as electrons and protons are often considered fundamental units of matter. They are distinguished by their semi-integer spins. It is impossible for two identical fermions to share the same space at the same time.
On the other hand, bosons are thought to be the essence of the cosmos and linking together the fundamental forces of existence. They carry force, similar to photons or light packets. The integer spins of these particles allow for the simultaneous existence of a large number of bosons.
Chenhao Jin, a condensed matter physicist at the University of California at Santa Barbara, is lead author of the study. “Bosons can occupy the same energy level; Fermions don't like to stay together," he said. These actions work together to create the world we know.
However, two fermions can combine to form a boson in a certain situation: when a negatively charged electron is attached to a positively charged "hole" in another fermion, the resulting boson is known as an "exciton".
The scientists created a moiré pattern by placing a tungsten disulfide cage on top of a tungsten diselenide cage to see how excitons interact with each other. They then passed a powerful beam of light through the cages, using a technique called "light fusing."
Next, they used a technique called "pump probe spectroscopy" to shine a strong beam of light through the lattices. These conditions caused the excitons to be tightly packed in an impermeable manner, resulting in a new symmetrical crystal form with a neutral charge known as the bosonic correlated insulator.
According to Jin, traditionally most research has been devoted to understanding what happens when several fermions combine. The basic idea behind our research was to first create a new material from interacting bosons.
According to the researchers, this new form of matter has never been produced before in a system of "real" matter, unlike synthetic systems, and offers new insights into the behavior of bosons. What's more, the techniques the researchers use to identify this new form of matter could aid in the development of new bosonic materials.
Jin, we are aware of the unique properties of various materials. One of the goals of condensed matter physics is to understand the causes of these complex properties and to discover strategies to increase the predictability of these behaviors. It is in the form of statements.
Source: livescience.com/physics-mathematics
📩 23/06/2023 12:52